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22q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME

The condition we work on

Varex Bio is a biotechnology company. This page describes a medical condition. It does not describe or promote any medicine. Reviewed August 2026.

22q11.2 deletion syndrome occurs when a small section of one copy of chromosome 22 is missing — typically about 2.5 to 3 million base pairs, spanning more than forty protein-coding genes.(1) It is the most common microdeletion syndrome in people, with an estimated prevalence of about 1 in 2,148 live births.(1) It has also been known as DiGeorge syndrome and as velo-cardio-facial syndrome. (2)

It affects many systems at once, and no two people are affected in the same way. Features can include differences in how the heart formed, in the palate, in the immune system and in blood calcium; learning difficulties are common, and mental health needs are substantial.(2) Better detection and better care in childhood mean there are now more adults living with the syndrome than at any time before — a population the 2023 international guidelines describe as still largely unrecognised by health services and by society. (2)


Among the conditions those adults meet earlier than expected are obesity and type 2 diabetes. (2)  Even after accounting for family history, ethnicity, medication and obesity, carrying the deletion raises the risk of type 2 diabetes, and it arrives on average eighteen years earlier than would be expected in the general population. (2)


Beyond that, the evidence thins quickly. The same guidelines state that less is known about metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver and other cardiometabolic conditions in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (2) A recognised risk, without the evidence base clinicians need to manage it, is where Varex Bio works.

Varex Bio cannot give advice on personal medical matters. If you have a question about your own health, or that of someone you care for, please speak to your own clinician or genetics service.

Sources

  1. Óskarsdóttir S, Boot E, Crowley TB, et al. Updated clinical practice recommendations for managing children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Genetics in Medicine 2023;25(3):100338. Open access.

  2. Boot E, Óskarsdóttir S, Loo JCY, et al. Updated clinical practice recommendations for managing adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Genetics in Medicine 2023;25(3):100344. Open access.

Both are open access and freely readable.

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